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Group 4 Chemistry

Chemistry guide

Syllabus outline

Teaching hours

Core

80

Topic 1: Quantitative chemistry

12.5

1.1    The mole concept and Avogadro’s constant

2

1.2    Formulas

3

1.3    Chemical equations

1

1.4    Mass and gaseous volume relationships in chemical reactions

4.5

1.5    Solutions

2

Topic 2: Atomic structure

4

2.1    The atom

1

2.2    The mass spectrometer

1

2.3    Electron arrangement

2

Topic 3: Periodicity

6

3.1    The periodic table

1

3.2    Physical properties

2

3.3    Chemical properties

3

Topic 4: Bonding

12.5

4.1    Ionic bonding

2

4.2    Covalent bonding

6

4.3    Intermolecular forces

2

4.4    Metallic bonding

0.5

4.5    Physical properties

2

Topic 5: Energetics

8

5.1    Exothermic and endothermic reactions

1

5.2    Calculation of enthalpy changes

3

5.3    Hess’s law

2

5.4    Bond enthalpies

2

Topic 6: Kinetics

5

6.1    Rates of reaction

2

6.2    Collision theory

3

Topic 7: Equilibrium

5

7.1    Dynamic equilibrium

1

7.2    The position of equilibrium

4

Topic 8: Acids and bases

6

8.1    Theories of acids and bases

2

8.2    Properties of acids and bases

1

8.3    Strong and weak acids and bases

2

8.4    The pH scale

1

Topic 9: Oxidation and reduction

7

9.1    Introduction to oxidation and reduction

2

9.2    Redox equations

1

9.3    Reactivity

1

9.4    Voltaic cells

1

9.5    Electrolytic cells

2

Topic 10: Organic chemistry

12

10.1    Introduction

4

10.2    Alkanes

2

10.3    Alkenes

2

10.4    Alcohols

1

10.5    Halogenoalkanes

2

10.6    Reaction pathways

1

Topic 11: Measurement and data processing

2

11.1    Uncertainty and error in measurement

1

11.2    Uncertainties in calculated results

0.5

11.3    Graphical techniques

0.5

AHL

55

Topic 12: Atomic structure

3

12.1    Electron configuration

3

Topic 13: Periodicity

4

13.1    Trends across period 3

2

13.2    First-row d-block elements

2

Topic 14: Bonding

5

14.1    Shapes of molecules and ions

1

14.2    Hybridization

2

14.3    Delocalization of electrons

2

Topic 15: Energetics

8

15.1    Standard enthalpy changes of reaction

1.5

15.2    Born–Haber cycle

2.5

15.3    Entropy

1.5

15.4    Spontaneity

2.5

Topic 16: Kinetics

6

16.1    Rate expression

3

16.2    Reaction mechanism

1

16.3    Activation energy

2

Topic 17: Equilibrium

4

17.1    Liquid–vapour equilibrium

2

17.2    The equilibrium law

2

Topic 18: Acids and bases

10

18.1    Calculations involving acids and bases

4

18.2    Buffer solutions

2

18.3    Salt hydrolysis

1

18.4    Acid–base titrations

2

18.5    Indicators

1

Topic 19: Oxidation and reduction

5

19.1    Standard electrode potentials

3

19.2    Electrolysis

2

Topic 20: Organic chemistry

10

20.1    Introduction

1

20.2    Nucleophilic substitution reactions

2

20.3    Elimination reactions

1

20.4    Condensation reactions

2

20.5    Reaction pathways

1

20.6    Stereoisomerism

3

Options SL and HL

Students at SL study the core of these options and students at HL study the whole option (that is, the core and the extension material).

Option A: Modern analytical chemistry

15/22

Core (SL and HL)

15

A1    Analytical techniques

1

A2    Principles of spectroscopy

2

A3    Infrared (IR) spectroscopy

3

A4    Mass spectrometry

2

A5    Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy

2

A6    Atomic absorption (AA) spectroscopy

3

A7    Chromatography

2

Extension (HL only)

7

A8    Visible and ultraviolet (UV-Vis) spectroscopy

3

A9    Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy

2

A10    Chromatography

2

Option B: Human biochemistry

15/22

Core (SL and HL)

15

B1    Energy

0.5

B2    Proteins

3

B3    Carbohydrates

3

B4    Lipids

3.5

B5    Micro nutrients and macro nutrients

2

B6    Hormones

3

Extension (HL only)

7

B7    Enzymes

3

B8    Nucleic acids

3

B9    Respiration

1

Option C: Chemistry in industry and technology

15/22

Core (SL and HL)

15

C1    Iron, steel and aluminium

3.5

C2    The oil industry

2

C3    Addition polymers

2

C4    Catalysts

1.5

C5    Fuel cells and rechargeable batteries

2

C6    Liquid crystals

2

C7    Nanotechnology

2

Extension (HL only)

7

C8    Condensation polymers

1

C9    Mechanisms in the organic chemicals industry

1

C10    Silicon and photovoltaic cells

1

C11    Liquid crystals

2

C12    The chlor-alkali industry

2

Option D: Medicines and drugs

15/22

Core (SL and HL)

15

D1    Pharmaceutical products

2

D2    Antacids

1

D3    Analgesics

3

D4    Depressants

3

D5    Stimulants

2.5

D6    Antibacterials

2

D7    Antivirals

1.5

Extension (HL only)

7

D8    Drug action

2.5

D9    Drug design

2.5

D10    Mind-altering drugs

2

Option E: Environmental chemistry

15/22

Core (SL and HL)

15

E1    Air pollution

2

E2    Acid deposition

1.5

E3    Greenhouse effect

1.5

E4    Ozone depletion

1.5

E5    Dissolved oxygen in water

1.5

E6    Water treatment

2.5

E7    Soil

2.5

E8    Waste

2

Extension (HL only)

7

E9    Ozone depletion

1

E10    Smog

2

E11    Acid deposition

1

E12    Water and soil

3

Option F: Food chemistry

15/22

Core (SL and HL)

15

F1    Food groups

2

F2    Fats and oils

3

F3    Shelf life

4

F4    Colour

3

F5    Genetically modified foods

1

F6    Texture

2

Extension (HL only)

7

F7    Oxidative rancidity (auto-oxidation)

1

F8    Antioxidants

1

F9    Stereochemistry in food

2

F10    Chemical structure and colour

3

Option G: Further organic chemistry

15/22

Core (SL and HL)

15

G1    Electrophilic addition reactions

3

G2    Nucleophilic addition reactions

2

G3    Elimination reactions

1

G4    Addition–elimination reactions

1

G5    Arenes

2.5

G6    Organometallic chemistry

2.5

G7    Reaction pathways

1

G8    Acid–base reactions

2

Extension (HL only)

7

G9    Addition–elimination reactions

2

G10    Electrophilic substitution reactions

4

G11    Reaction pathways

1